Essay on The Reasons for the Failure of Reconstruction

The original purpose of Reconstruction was to restore the buildings and the economy of the south the best they could, but without the immoral element of slavery. But, reconstruction under the Johnson Presidency was a failure for a few reasons: 1) Convict Leasing, 2) Sharecropping, 3) the Ku Klux Klan, 4) Segregation in schools, even in the North, 5) Carpetbaggers/Scalawags, 6) misleading statistics, and 7) racism. Convict Leasing was started when lawmakers saw a loop hole in the Thirteenth Amendment, which stated that with the exception of punishment for a crime, slavery was abolished. Fourteen thousand dollars was earned in Alabama through convict leasing Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), 2012). And since no efforts were made to†¦show more content†¦The sharecroppers paid rent with a share of the crops that they raised, with roughly one-half of all they produced belonged to the white owner (Ransom and Sutch, 1977). The landowner also advanced money to the farmer to p urchase seed and other necessary farming equipment. The problem was the sharecroppers rarely, if ever, made enough money from the sale of their crops to pay back their debt. This often led to what some called debt peonage, and it effectively bound sharecroppers to the land, and the landowner (Bowles, 2011). This was a veiled form of slavery, much like convict leasing was. Carpetbaggers were so named because â€Å"they seemingly carried all of their possessions in luggage known as carpetbags, their mission was to conquer the South politically, much as the North did with its military. At one point half of all the southern governors were northern Republicans. There was a great deal of disdain among many in the South for those that cast their votes for these Republicans, and Democratic opponents derogatorily called them scalawags† (Bowles, 2011). I brought up the issue of misleading statistics because the black crime rates (ninety percent African American) were used to say to the public, â€Å"see, they are more aggressive, than whites† (it became a socially engineered self-fulfilling prophecy in the minds of racists), therefore, inhumane practices could continue. What theShow MoreRelatedCauses Of Reconstruction829 Words   |  4 Pageswere gaining power. A time where change was coming. This change would be Reconstruction. Reconstructions purpose, in simplicity, was to bring the South back into the Union and to somehow integrate the freedmen. Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson wanted to bring the South back in easily. Evidently, that didnt work out because of the Radical Republicans who wanted to make the South payback for what they did. Reconstruction has been quite the topic since after its irrupt end with the Compromise ofRead MoreWhy Did Reconstruction Fail870 Words   |  4 PagesWhy did Reconstruction fail? Reconstruction in the United States is historically known as the time in America, shortly after the Civil War, in which the United States attempted to readdress the inequalities, especially of slavery and many other economic, social and politically issues including the poor relationship between the North and the South of America. These problems were highly significant in America, and a variety of groups in government tried to resolve these problems, but this only ledRead More Reconstruction Essay932 Words   |  4 Pages Reconstruction took place after the end of the civil war. The reason for reconstruction was to put the union back together and free the slaves once and for all. Reconstruction took three eras to be completed. The first was Lincoln, the second Andrew Johnson, and the third was the Congressional â€Å"hard plan.† The Lincoln era lasted from 1863-1865. On December of 1863 the decree of â€Å"soft plan† was introduced. The â€Å"soft plan† included amnesty for the southerners that took the loyalty oath. It alsoRead MoreReconstruction Of The United States1181 Words   |  5 PagesBy 1877, reconstruction had successfully restored the United States as a unified nation. Each Confederate state had thoroughly drafted state constitutions, pledged their loyalty to the United States government, and accepted the newly Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments. However, reconstruction inevitably failed the South. The legislation of Radical Republicans failed to give protection to freed slaves from further persecution of whites; and it also failed to fundamentally refabricateRead MoreThe Failure Of Reconstruction Of Texas989 Words   |  4 PagesThe Failure of Reconstruction in Texas There are many Texas myths that endured about carpetbaggers during the failed Reconstruction era. â€Å"Carpetbaggers was generally used to describe Northerners who moved to the south after the Civil War especially who joined state Republicans formed in 1867† pg. 212. They were rumored to be allegedly â€Å"corrupt and dishonest adventurous who’s property could fit in a carpet bag (a soft suitcase made of carpet) who seized political power†. In this essay, I will analyzeRead MoreWar Was The Only Option1547 Words   |  7 Pagesarrogant they could not imagine northerners would be willing to die to keep the south from leaving. Arrogance on both sides would prove catastrophic. Once shots fired at Fort Sumter, war was the only option. This rush to action was the greatest failure in the war. As Catton describes in his book, a war began neither side prepared for. The mobilization of men was so large that in terms of percentage no other war in American history required such a large percentage of American men. Old world militaryRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War1704 Words   |  7 Pagespresiding over the transition from slavery to freedom.After the war, there was a 12-year period best known as the Reconstruction and the main goals that it had were to get the Confederate States back into the Union, to rebuilt the Southern economy that around that time was devastated, and the most controversial one: to protect the rights of the newly freed slaves. Even though the Reconstruction had some success on certain subjects such as getting the reunification of the Union, or the creation of Freedmen’sRead MoreReconstructions Failure809 Words   |  4 PagesReconstr uction’s Failure It was clear to people in the late 1800s that the Civil War caused many national problems along with problems within the union. However, the Civil War assuaged many problems for the country. For example, slavery was abolished, the supremacy of the national government had been confirmed, and secession had been proved false. Some people may believe that the main reason why the congress’ reconstruction efforts to ensure equal rights to the freedmen failed was becauseRead MoreHow Did The Radical Republican s Rise For The Failure Of The Post Civil War Reconstruction?1619 Words   |  7 Pagescontribute to the failure of the post-civil war reconstruction? The time between 1863, when Lincoln passed the ten percent act, until the year 1877, when reconstruction was officially ended, will be evaluated with information provided by the sources. The investigation will specifically look to how the Lincoln assassination allowed for the rise in the Radical Republican Party from 1866 t o 1868 and the party’s effect on reconstruction acts leading to the failure of the post-civil war reconstruction era. EricRead More Constructing and Reconstructing Essay1291 Words   |  6 Pagesin which system of representation occurs, which initiates a diverse view and assurances to the people (Hollitz, 107). The Federalist Paper No. 10 argues that a republic is capable of controlling the effects of faction, more than a democracy. The reason is that a system of representation is more capable of protecting the rights of the individuals, as well as being able to balance the needs of the public good. James Madison views many advantages of a republic over a pure democracy. A republic, Madison

How to Understand Shakespeares Words

For many, language is the biggest barrier to understanding Shakespeare. Perfectly competent performers can be paralyzed with fear when they see bizarre words like â€Å"Methinks† and â€Å"Peradventure† – something we call Shakespearaphobia. As a way of trying to counter this natural anxiety, we often begin by telling new students or performers that speaking Shakespeare aloud isn’t like learning a new language –it’s more like listening to a strong accent and your ear soon adjusts to the new dialect. Very soon you are able to understand most of what is said. Even if you are confused about some words and phrases, you should still be able to pick up meaning from the context and the visual signals you receive from the speaker. Watch how quickly children pick up accents and new language when on holiday. This is evidence of how adaptable we are to new ways of speaking. The same is true of Shakespeare and the best antidote for Shakespearaphobia is to sit back, relax and listen to the text spoken and performed. Modern Translations at a Glance Here are modern translations of the top 10 most common Shakespearian words and phrases. Thee, Thou, Thy and Thine (You and Your) It’s a common myth that Shakespeare never uses the words â€Å"you† and â€Å"your† – actually, these words are commonplace in his plays. However, he also uses the words â€Å"thee / thou† instead of â€Å"you† and the word â€Å"thy / thine† instead of â€Å"your†. Sometimes he uses both â€Å"you† and â€Å"thy† in the same speech. This is simply because in Tudor England the older generation said â€Å"thee† and â€Å"thy† to denote a status or reverence for authority. Therefore when addressing a king the older â€Å"thou† and â€Å"thy† would be used, leaving the newer â€Å"you† and â€Å"your† for more informal occasions. Soon after Shakespeare’s lifetime, the older form passed away!Art (Are) The same is true of â€Å"art†, meaning â€Å"are†. So a sentence beginning â€Å"thou art† simply means †Å"You are†.Ay (Yes) â€Å"Ay† simply means â€Å"yes†. So, â€Å"Ay, My Lady† simply means â€Å"Yes, My Lady.†Would (Wish) Although the word â€Å"wish† does appear in Shakespeare, like when Romeo says â€Å"I wish I were a cheek upon that hand,† we often find â€Å"would† used instead. For example, â€Å"I would I were †¦Ã¢â‚¬  means â€Å"I wish I were†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Give Me Leave To (Allow Me To) â€Å"To give me leave to†, simply means â€Å"To allow me to†.Alas (Unfortunately) â€Å"Alas† is a very common word that isn’t used today. It simply means â€Å"unfortunately†, but in modern English, there isn’t an exact equivalent.Adieu (Goodbye) â€Å"Adieu† simply means â€Å"Goodbye†.Sirrah (Sir) â€Å"Sirrah† means â€Å"Sir† or â€Å"Mister†.-eth Sometimes the endings of Shakespearian words sound alien even though the root of the word is famil iar. For example â€Å"speaketh† simply means â€Å"speak† and â€Å"sayeth† means â€Å"say†.Don’t, Do, and Did A key absence from Shakespearian English is â€Å"don’t†. This word simply wasn’t around then. So, if you said â€Å"don’t be afraid† to a friend in Tudor England, you would have said, â€Å"be not afeard.† Where today we would say â€Å"don’t hurt me,† Shakespeare would have said, â€Å"hurt me not.† The words â€Å"do† and â€Å"did† were also uncommon, so rather than saying â€Å"what did he look like?† Shakespeare would have said, â€Å"what looked he like?† And instead of â€Å"did she stay long?† Shakespeare would have said, â€Å"stayed she long?† This difference accounts for the unfamiliar word order in some Shakespearian sentences. It is important to note that when Shakespeare was alive, language was in a state of flux and many modern words were being integrated into the language for the first time. Shakespeare himself coined many new words and phrases. Shakespeare’s language is, therefore, a mixture of the old and the new.

Expressions of Nonverble Communication - 800 Words

+ What you do speaks so loud that I cannot hear what you say. Ralph Waldo Emerson Before Email and Facebook, Tweets and Instagram, Charles Darwin set out to prove that human expressions were much like those of an animal. The furrowing of brow, baring of teeth and flaring of nostrils are actions that are displayed in both humans and animals alike. Picture a hungry wolf defending its cubs. The head is lowered, the eyes are narrowed and the teeth are bared. Now think of actor in a play or movie or on television portraying a violent man demanding acquiescence of a victim during a crime. His postures, the eyes, the nostrils, the teeth, are much the same as an animal. Darwin had the strong inclination that emotions are tied to physical†¦show more content†¦Their method of study was called context analysis. These three men watched films in slow motion and noted facial expressions, hand gestures, and posture to see the correlation between these actions. They were experts on understanding how people react without having to hear a thing. Birdwhistell later coin ed the term kinesics or nonverbal communication. During his study, he determined that human can recognize over 250,000 facial expressions. This is an astonishing fact that many neglect in the fast paced world we now live in. 1960 brought further studies that included eye contact, personal space and how expectations can be affected by subtle nonverbal messages. So how do all of these studies affect people today? This knowledge can be used to influence your behavior in an interview for that dream job that you’re looking for. Being knowledgeable about nonverbal communication might help you get a date with that person you’ve always wanted to go out with. What if you are running for a political office? Wouldn’t you like to know which posture, gestures or expressions will make you appear to be the right candidate? We’ll look at several ways that you can use nonverbal communication to make you more successful in all aspects of your life. First of all, did you know that people form an opinion of someone that they meet within the first seven seconds? Researchers at New York UniversityShow MoreRelated Business Essay2086 Words   |  9 Pages Improving personal communications is very important to today in the fast moving world. The communication process is very important, it is estmated that 80 percent of messages get deport† For better results replace â€Å"You statements† with â€Å"I statements.† Say I’m concerned...That will bring the person off of the defensive approch. Also discuss things as they happen with out waitng. When you wait things can be losted or forgotten. If you work them out early it will be much easier for you and the other

Public transport free essay sample

Public transport Is the transport that is being used by the public such as bus, taxi, and train. In the city such as in Kuala Lumpur, public transport is normally used by community to avoid traffic jam. I absolutely agree with the statement that people entering the city should use public transport. It is because, public transport is more cheaper, can avoid traffic Jam, and also can reduce pollution. For people that disagree with the statement, they normally will say that it is easy to use their own transport rather than public transport. They might be says that it is more comfortable. But if we look into other side, by using public transport as our transportation, it Is much beneficial as it can help us being more dlsclpllned because public transport has the time table that everyone must follow. Besides, we also can manage our time properly by being on time. We will write a custom essay sample on Public transport or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Moreover, public transport is cheaper than If we use our own transport. As we know, price of petrol is now RM2. 90 a litter as it was Increased by 20 cent. If we use our own ransport, we spend around RM50 a day only for petrol. Therefore, by using public transport, we only spend RMIO and below only for one day. Thus, we can save our money that will spend on petrol or toll. We can use that money for other things or save It for the future. On the other hand, public transport can avoid traffic Jam. People that use public transport should not be worry about being late. It is because public transport Is always on time. Plus, traffc Jam can make us being stress because of the horn form he cars or the smoke from the lorry. Thus, by using public transport, we can reduce the stress and have a good mood at the beginning of the day. We Just need to sit and wait until we reach the destination. Next, pollution also can be reduced by using public transport. In general, the smoke from the vehicles that are carbon monoxide can cause the layer of atmosphere become thinner. Then, it will cause global warming which are the popular phenomena that happen nowadays. Besides, the sound from each of the vehicles can make sound pollution. So, we should decrease the uses of the vehicles on the road by using public transport. All the reason above, we can say that using public transport can give more benefits than using our own transport. It Is not only for us, but also good for our country. Traffic Jam, money, and also pollution are all can be reduce only by using public transport public transport By sugasine Public transport is the transport that is being used by the public such as bus, taxi, community to avoid traffic Jam. I absolutely agree with the statement that people ransportation, it is much beneficial as it can help us being more disciplined because Moreover, public transport is cheaper than if we use our own transport. As we know, price of petrol is now RM2. 90 a litter as it was increased by 20 cent. If we use our own save it for the future. transport should not be worry about being late. It is because public transport is always on time. Plus, traffic Jam can make us being stress because of the horn form than using our own transport. It is not only for us, but also good for our country.